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II. Attainment Through External Feedback Augmenting Control of Psychophysiological Variables

Kenneth Gaarder, MD; Chevy Chase, Md

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1971;25(5):436-441.

Abstract
By electronically feeding back to a subject information about his psychophysiological variables of which he would ordinarily be unaware, it is possible for the subject to learn to control these variables. Thus, electroencephalographic alpha states can be produced at will, complete muscle relaxation can be achieved, and control of skin temperature can be exercised when the appropriately recorded variable is fed back to the subject. Implications of this for psychiatric treatment are discussed, especially in the treatment of specific psychosomatic diseases and in the treatment of anxiety states associated with muscle tension.

Author Affiliations
From the Washington School of Psychiatry, Washington, DC.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication April 5, 1971.

Read before the Adult Psychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Md, Feb 27, 1970, and the Washington Psychiatric Society, Washington, DC, March 23, 1970.

Reprint requests to 4221 Oakridge Lane, Chevy Chase, Md 20015 (Dr. Gaarder).

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THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES

Control of States of Consciousness: I. Attainment Through Control of Psychophysiological Variables
Gaarder and Chase
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1971;25:429-435.
ABSTRACT