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Frederick T. Melges, MD; Richard E. Anderson; Helena C. Kraemer, PhD; Jared R. Tinklenberg, MD; Alfred E. Weisz, MD

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1971;25(6):494-497.

Abstract
The degree of a person's self-esteem was found to be significantly related to how he views his own future. This finding was derived from (1) correlating semantic differential scores for self-esteem and future outlook taken from 50 subjects (30 normals and 20 psychiatric patients) each tested at one period of time, and (2) correlating changes in self-esteem with changes in future outlook within each of six acutely ill psychiatric patients studied intensively over time. The latter method indicates that the process of change in self-esteem is dynamically related to changes in future outlook, and thereby suggests that low self-esteem may be treated by influencing attitudes toward the personal future.

Author Affiliations
Stanford, Calif

Accepted for publication Nov 30, 1970.; From the Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif.

Footnotes
Reprint requests to Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif 94305 (Dr. Melges).

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