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Psychiatric Effects of Hashish
MAJ Forest S. Tennant, Jr., MC;
MAJ C. Jess Groesbeck, MC
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1972;27(1):133-136.
Abstract
An American Army population of 36,000 in which hashish was commonly smoked was studied over a three-year period. Direct medical and psychiatric observations of 720 hashish smokers revealed that the casual smoking of less than 10 to 12 gm of hashish monthly resulted in no ostensible adverse effects other than minor respiratory ailments. Panic reactions, toxic psychosis, and schizophrenic reactions were infrequent occurrences except when hashish was simultaneously consumed with alcohol or other psychoactive drugs. Highdose hashish abuse of over 50 gm per month in 110 patients was associated with a chronic intoxicated state characterized by apathy, dullness, and lethargy with mild-to-severe impairment of judgment, concentration, and memory. Severe hashish abuse and its simultaneous use with alcohol or other psychoactive drugs by large numbers of young American men is alarming.
Author Affiliations
USA, USA, Heidelberg, West Germany
From the Special Action Office for Drug Abuse, HQ, USAREUR & Seventh Army, Heidelberg, West Germany. Dr. Tennant is currently at the Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, UCLA, School of Public Health, Los Angeles.
Footnotes
Accepted for publication April 6, 1972.
This material has been reviewed by the Office of the Surgeon General, Department of the Army, and there is no objection to its publication. This review does not imply any indorsement of the opinions advanced or any recommendation of such products as may be named.
Reprint requests to the Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, UCLA, School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90024 (Dr. Tennant).
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