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Bernard L. Frankel, MD; Robert D. Coursey, PhD; Rona Buchbinder; Frederick Snyder, MD

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1976;33(5):615-623.

Abstract
• Sleep polygraph and questionnaire data of 18 chronic primary insomniacs were compared with those of 18 age- and sex-matched controls. The insomniacs had significantly longer sleep latencies, less total sleep, less sleep efficiency, more terminal wake time, and less delta sleep. There were significant discrepancies between the insomniacs' and controls' subjective assessments of their sleep and the sleep-polygraph data, but in opposite directions. The insomniacs' recorded sleep also showed more night-to-night variability than that of the controls. However, the controls, in contrast to the insomniacs, reported sleeping worse in the laboratory than at home. Significant differences between insomnia subtypes validly reflected the insomniacs' subjective complaints and were generally in accord with expectations based on them.

Author Affiliations
From the National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Md (Drs Frankel and Snyder and Ms Buchbinder), and the Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dr Coursey). Dr Frankel is now with the National Heart and Lung Institute, Bethesda, Md. Dr Snyder is with the Indian Health Service of the Public Health Service, Gallup, NM. Ms Buchbinder is with the Clinical Center at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication March 30, 1975.

Reprint requests to Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 (Dr Coursey).

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