This Article  • References  • Full text PDF  • Reply to article  • Send to a friend  • Save in My Folder  • Save to citation manager  • Permissions  Citing Articles  • Citation map  • Citing articles on HighWire  • Citing articles on Web of Science (128)  • Contact me when this article is cited  Related Content  • Similar articles in this journal  Social Bookmarking   What's this?

Evidence for a Genetic Indicator

Philip S. Holzman, PhD; Einar Kringlen, MD; Deborah L. Levy, PhD; Leonard R. Proctor, MD; Shelby J. Haberman, PhD; Nicholas J. Yasillo

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1977;34(7):802-805.

Abstract
• Disordered smooth-pursuit eye movements occur in a high percentage of schizophrenic patients and their first-degree relatives. A test of the hypothesis that these disorders represent a genetic indicator of schizophrenia was undertaken by testing pursuit eye movements in a sample of monozygotic and dizygotic twins discordant for clinical schizophrenia. Deviant eye tracking is significantly concordant within monozygotic twin pairs, and less so within dizygotic twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia. A genetic interpretation is consistent with these results.

Author Affiliations
From the Departments of Psychiatry (Drs Holzman and Levy) and Statistics (Dr Haberman), and the Franklin McLean Memorial Research Institute (Mr Yasillo), University of Chicago; the Department of Psychiatry, University of Oslo (Dr Kringlen); and the Department of Otolaryngology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore (Dr Proctor).

Footnotes
Accepted for publication April 14, 1977.

Reprint requests to Department of Psychiatry, University of Chicago, 950 E 59th St, Chicago, IL 60637 (Dr Holzman).

CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter     What's this?

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES

Prefrontal Gray Matter Volume Reduction in First Episode Schizophrenia
Hirayasu et al.
Cereb Cortex 2001;11:374-381.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

A Quantitative Analysis of Smooth Pursuit Eye Tracking in Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Schizophrenia
Litman et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1997;54:417-426.
ABSTRACT  

Smooth Pursuit Eye Tracking in Twins: A Critical Commentary
Holzman et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1997;54:429-431.
ABSTRACT  

Auditory P300 and Eye Tracking Dysfunction in Schizophrenic Pedigrees
Blackwood et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991;48:899-909.
ABSTRACT  

Neuropsychological Assessment of Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Schizophrenia
Goldberg et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1990;47:1066-1072.
ABSTRACT  

A Single Dominant Gene Can Account for Eye Tracking Dysfunctions and Schizophrenia in Offspring of Discordant Twins
Holzman et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988;45:641-647.
ABSTRACT  

Pharmacologic Evidence for Specificity of Pursuit Dysfunction to Schizophrenia: Lithium Carbonate Associated With Abnormal Pursuit
Levy et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985;42:335-341.
ABSTRACT  

Pursuit Eye Movement Dysfunctions in Schizophrenia: Family Evidence for Specificity
Holzman et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;41:136-139.
ABSTRACT  

Identification of Abnormal Patterns in Eye Movements of Schizophrenic Patients
Levin et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1982;39:1125-1130.
ABSTRACT  

Smooth Pursuit Eye Tracking Impairment: Relation to Other 'Markers' of Schizophrenia and Psychologic Correlates
Siever et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1982;39:1001-1005.
ABSTRACT  

Attentional and Neuromotor Functions of Schizophrenics, Schizoaffectives, and Patients With Other Affective Disorders
Walker
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981;38:1355-1358.
ABSTRACT  

Dissociation of Smooth-Pursuit and Saccadic Eye Tracking in Remitted Schizophrenics: An Ocular Reaction Time Task That Schizophrenics Perform Well
Iacono et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981;38:991-996.
ABSTRACT  

Optokinetic Nystagmus and Pursuit Eye Movements in Schizophrenia
Latham et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981;38:997-1003.
ABSTRACT  

Eye-Tracking Patterns in Schizophrenia: An Analysis Based on the Incidence of Saccades
Mialet and Pichot
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981;38:183-186.
ABSTRACT  

Deviant Eye Tracking in Twins Discordant for Psychosis: A Replication
Holzman et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1980;37:627-631.
ABSTRACT  

Eye Tracking and Psychopathology: New Procedures Applied to a Sample of Normal Monozygotic Twins
Iacono and Lykken
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1979;36:1361-1369.
ABSTRACT  

Psychiatry
Freedman
JAMA 1978;239:510-512.