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II. The Relationship Between Schizotypal Personality Disorder and Schizophrenia

Kenneth S. Kendler, MD; Alan M. Gruenberg, MD; John S. Strauss, MD

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1981;38(9):982-984.

Abstract
• To assess the relationship between schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) as defined in DSM-III, the interviews of relatives from the Danish Adoption Study of Schizophrenia were independently and blindly reevaluated. The prevalence of SPD was significantly higher in the biologic relatives of the schizophrenic adoptees than in the biologic relatives of matched controls and was low and equal in the two groups of adoptive relatives. Compared with "borderline" and uncertain borderline schizophrenia as defined by Kety and co-workers, the criteria for SPD were more specific but less sensitive in identifying biologic relatives of schizophrenics. In this sample, SPD has a strong genetic, but no familial-environmental, relationship to schizophrenia. These results replicate the findings of Kety and co-workers on borderline schizophrenia and support the validity of the diagnosis of SPD.

Author Affiliations
From the Department of Psychiatry and the Schizophrenia Biological Research Center, Bronx Veterans Administration Medical Center, Mt Sinai School of Medicine, Bronx, NY (Dr Kendler); the Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven (Dr Gruenberg); and the Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn (Drs Gruenberg and Strauss).

Footnotes
Accepted for publication April 20, 1981.

Reprint requests to Department of Psychiatry, Bronx VA Medical Center, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 (Dr Kendler).

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