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Relationship Between Dietary Choice and Effects of Caffeine Challenge

Judith L. Rapoport, MD; Carol J. Berg, MA; Deborah R. Ismond, MA; Theodore P. Zahn, PhD; Alan Neims, MD, PhD

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1984;41(11):1073-1079.

Abstract
• From a survey of 24-hour caffeine intake of 798 gradeschool children (mean age, 10.3 years), 19 "high consumers" (reported intake of 500 mg/day or more) and a matched group of 19 "low consumers" were recruited for a double-blind, placebo-controlled, caffeine challenge study. Children received 5 mg/kg of caffeine twice a day or placebo for two weeks each, using a crossover design. While not receiving caffeine, high consumers had higher scores on an anxiety questionnaire and tended to have lower autonomic arousal (less frequent spontaneous skin conductance response and lower skin conductance level). While receiving caffeine, low consumers were perceived by their parents as more emotional, inattentive, and restless, while high consumers were not rated as changed. These differences cannot be attributed to tolerance, withdrawal, or subject selection, and suggest a possible physiological basis in children for dietary caffeine preference.

Author Affiliations
From the Laboratories of Clinical Science (Dr Rapoport and Mss Berg and Ismond) and Psychology and Psychopathology (Dr Zahn), National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Md; and the Department of Pharmacology, University of Florida School of Medicine, Gainesville (Dr Neims).

Footnotes
Accepted for publication Feb 23, 1984.

Reprint requests to Bldg 10, Room 6N240, National Institute of Mental Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20205 (Dr Rapoport).

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