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Cortisol Secretion in Endogenous DepressionII. Time-Related Functions
Uriel Halbreich, MD;
Gregory M. Asnis, MD;
Richard Shindledecker, MA;
Barnett Zumoff, MD;
R. Swami Nathan, MD
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985;42(9):909-914.
Abstract
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• Plasma levels of cortisol were sampled for 24 hours in 32 endogenously depressed (ED) patients and 72 controls to examine mean 24-hour plasma levels of cortisol, intervention in the feedback mechanism of the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal system (the dexamethasone suppression test), the circadian rhythm of cortisol secretion and its magnitude, and the ultradian rhythm of cortisol secretion. The main difference in the pattern of cortisol secretion in ED patients, as compared with controls, was in the ultradian rhythm. No acrophase or nadir advance of cortisol secretion in endogenous depression was found when age was controlled, but there was an earlier timing of first secretory episode of cortisol (during night). Only some ED patients have abnormalities in each of the functions studied, and they only partially overlap each other. The results suggest that abnormal cortisol secretion in depression should not be viewed as a monolithic malfunction characteristic of endogenous depression.
Author Affiliations
From the Department of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY (Drs Halbreich and Asnis and Mr Shindledecker); Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Medical Center and Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City (Dr Zumoff); and Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute, Pittsburgh (Dr Nathan). Dr Halbreich is now with the State University of New York at Buffalo.
Footnotes
Accepted for publication March 26, 1985.
Read in part at the 13th Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association, New Orleans, May 13, 1981, at the National Institute of Mental Health-Psychoendocrinology Workshop, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, June 18, 1981, and at the Annual Meeting of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, San Juan, Puerto Rico, Dec 14, 1983, and Dec 13, 1984.
Reprint requests to Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Erie County Medical Center, K-Annex, 462 Grider St, Buffalo, NY 14215 (Dr Halbreich).
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