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Evidence Supporting a Genetic Relationship

David L. Pauls, PhD; Kenneth E. Towbin, MD; James F. Leckman, MD; Gwendolyn E. P. Zahner, PhD; Donald J. Cohen, MD

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1986;43(12):1180-1182.

Abstract
• Previous studies have suggested that obsessive-compulsive symptoms frequently occur among patients with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome (TS). To examine the relationship between TS and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), data from all first-degree relatives of TS probands were obtained with a semistructured interview designed to collect information on the presence of TS, other tic disorders, and neuropsychiatric illnesses during the lifetime of the individual. The rate of OCD among first-degree relatives was significantly increased over estimates from the general population and a control sample of adoptive relatives. The rates of TS, OCD, and chronic multiple tics (CMT) were virtually the same in families of probands with OCD (TS ± OCD) when compared with families of probands without OCD (TS-OCD). Finally, the frequency of OCD without TS or CMT among first-degree relatives was significantly elevated in families of both TS + OCD and TS-OCD probands, suggesting that some forms of OCD may represent an alternative expression of the factors responsible for TS and/or CMT.

Author Affiliations
From the Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication Feb 17, 1986.

Reprint requests to Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, PO Box 3333, New Haven, CT 06510 (Dr Pauls).

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