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James I. Hudson, MD; Joseph F. Lipinski, MD; Frances R. Frankenburg, MD; Victoria J. Grochocinski, PhD; David J. Kupfer, MD

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1988;45(3):267-273.

Abstract
• Electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep patterns were examined in nine unmedicated patients meeting DSM-III-R criteria for a current manic episode (four men and five women) for two to four consecutive nights. Compared with age- and sex-matched normal control subjects, manic patients exhibited significantly decreased total recording period, decreased time spent asleep, increased time awake in the last two hours of recording, shortened rapid eye movement (REM) latency, increased REM activity, and increased REM density. These results suggest that mania is associated with marked disturbances of sleep continuity and REM measures. Sleep continuity and REM sleep abnormalities of a similar nature and degree have been reported in major depression and psychotic depression. Thus, it is possible that various forms of affective disorders and psychotic disorders have pathophysiologic mechanisms in common.

Author Affiliations
From the Clinical Research Section, Laboratories for Psychiatric Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Mass, and Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Drs Hudson, Lipinski, and Frankenburg); and the Sleep Evaluation Center, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh (Drs Grochocinski and Kupfer).

Footnotes
Accepted for publication Aug 26, 1987.

Presented as a scientific exhibition at the Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association, New Research Program, Chicago, May 11, 1987.

Reprint requests to Laboratories for Psychiatric Research, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02178 (Dr Hudson).

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