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A Case-Control Study

Paul E. Keck, Jr, MD; Harrison G. Pope, Jr, MD; Bruce M. Cohen, MD, PhD; Susan L. McElroy, MD; Andrew A. Nierenberg, MD

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1989;46(10):914-918.

Abstract
• A number of risk factors have been proposed for the development of neuroleptic malignant syndrome, but these have not been subjected to controlled study. To address this problem, we performed a case-control study comparing 18 patients with neuroleptic malignant syndrome and 36 matched neuroleptictreated control patients with no known history of the syndrome to identify potential risk factors. Patients with neuroleptic malignant syndrome displayed significantly greater psychomotor agitation, received significantly higher doses of neuroleptics at greater rates of dosage increase, and received a greater number of intramuscular injections than controls.

Author Affiliations
From the Biological Psychiatry Laboratory and Clinical Research Center, Laboratories for Psychiatric Research, Mailman Research Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Mass, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication February 13, 1989.

Presented at the 27th Annual Meeting of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, San Juan, Puerto Rico, December 13, 1988.

Reprint requests to McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02178 (Dr Keck).

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