This Article  • References  • Full text PDF  • Reply to article  • Send to a friend  • Save in My Folder  • Save to citation manager  • Permissions  Citing Articles  • Citation map  • Citing articles on HighWire  • Contact me when this article is cited  Related Content  • Similar articles in this journal  Social Bookmarking   What's this?

Kimberly Christie Burke, MS; Jack D. Burke, Jr, MD, MPH; Donald S. Rae, MS; Darrel A. Regier, MD, MPH

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1991;48(9):789-795.

Abstract
• Using data collected in the National Institute of Mental Health (Rockville, Md) Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program, we examined the proposed hypothesis that there has been a shift in major depression to younger ages at onset, or increased prevalence in younger age periods, for recent birth cohorts. Life-table survival methods were used to examine the hazard rates for major depression as well as for other specific mental disorders. The findings are consistent with a gradual shift to increased rates for major depression between the ages of 15 and 19 years for Epidemiologic Catchment Area respondents born more recently. The findings also suggest a similar shift for drug abuse/dependence; similar but less pronounced changes were found for alcohol abuse/dependence and obsessive-compulsive disorder. However, in this study, bipolar disorder, panic disorder, and phobias did not exhibit a consistent increase in onset at younger ages. Further research is required to determine if the shifts in major depression, drug abuse/dependence, and possibly alcohol abuse/dependence are linked. It is important to note that these shifts to adolescent onset are occurring when nearly half the 31 million Americans without health insurance are aged 24 years or younger.

Author Affiliations
From the Office of the Institute Director (Ms Burke), Division of Applied and Services Research (Dr Burke), and Division of Clinical Research (Mr Rae and Dr Regier), National Institute of Mental Health, Rockville, Md. Ms Burke is now with Scott and White Clinic, Temple, Tex.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication September 20, 1990.

Reprint requests to Scott and White Clinic, 2401 S 31st St, Alexander Bldg, Temple, TX 76508 (Ms Burke).

CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter     What's this?

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES

Childhood and Adolescent Psychiatric Disorders as Predictors of Young Adult Disorders
Copeland et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 2009;66:764-772.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

ECT in Pregnancy: A Review of the Literature From 1941 to 2007
Anderson and Reti
Psychosom. Med. 2009;71:235-242.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Depressive Disorders Related to Female Reproductive Transitions
Serrano and Warnock
Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2007;20:385-391.
ABSTRACT  

Clinically Identified Maternal Depression Before, During, and After Pregnancies Ending in Live Births
Dietz et al.
Am. J. Psychiatry 2007;164:1515-1520.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

A Family Study of Alcohol Dependence: Coaggregation of Multiple Disorders in Relatives of Alcohol-Dependent Probands
Nurnberger et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 2004;61:1246-1256.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Shared Genetic Risk of Major Depression, Alcohol Dependence, and Marijuana Dependence: Contribution of Antisocial Personality Disorder in Men
Fu et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 2002;59:1125-1132.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Global burden of depressive disorders: the issue of duration
USTUN and KESSLER
Br. J. Psychiatry 2002;181:181-183.
FULL TEXT  

Factors Associated With Use of Mental Health Services for Depression by Children and Adolescents
Wu et al.
Psychiatr. Serv. 2001;52:189-195.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Risk-Benefit Decision Making for Treatment of Depression During Pregnancy
Wisner et al.
Am. J. Psychiatry 2000;157:1933-1940.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Pharmacologic Treatment of Depression During Pregnancy
Wisner et al.
JAMA 1999;282:1264-1269.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Anticipation of Age at Onset in Panic Disorder
Battaglia et al.
Am. J. Psychiatry 1998;155:590-595.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Agoraphobia, Simple Phobia, and Social Phobia in the National Comorbidity Survey
Magee et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996;53:159-168.
ABSTRACT  

Prevalence and Correlates of Drug Use and Dependence in the United States: Results From the National Comorbidity Survey
Warner et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1995;52:219-229.
ABSTRACT  

The Changing Rate of Major Depression: Cross-National Comparisons
Cross-National Collaborative Group et al.
JAMA 1992;268:3098-3105.
ABSTRACT