This Article  • References  • Full text PDF  • Reply to article  • Send to a friend  • Save in My Folder  • Save to citation manager  • Permissions  Citing Articles  • Citation map  • Citing articles on HighWire  • Contact me when this article is cited  Related Content  • Similar articles in this journal  Social Bookmarking   What's this?

DSM-III-R Axes I and II Diagnoses in Suicides Among 13- to 19-Year-Olds in Finland

Mauri J. Marttunen, MD; Hillevi M. Aro, MD, PhD; Markus M. Henriksson, MD; Jouko K. Lönnqvist, MD, PhD

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1991;48(9):834-839.

Abstract
• The prevalence of mental disorders (DSM-III-R Axes I and II) among adolescent suicide victims (n = 53) was investigated in a nationwide psychological autopsy study in Finland. The data were collected comprehensively through interviews of the victims' relatives and attending health care personnel and from official records. Following independent assessment by two psychiatrists, the DSM-III-R diagnoses were assigned in consensus meetings. A large majority of the victims (94%) suffered from a mental disorder. The most prevalent disorders were depressive disorders (51%) and alcohol abuse or dependence (26%). The prevalence of adjustment disorders (21%) was higher than in most studies from other countries. Personality disorder was diagnosed in 32% of the cases. Comorbidity was found in 51% of the victims. The results indicate a strong relatedness between adolescent suicide and the presence of depression, antisocial behavior, and alcohol abuse.

Author Affiliations
From the Unit for Mental Health Research, National Public Health Institute (Drs Marttunen, Aro, and Lönnqvist), and the Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University (Dr Henriksson), Helsinki, Finland.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication March 29, 1991.

Reprint requests to Unit for Mental Health Research, National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, SF-00300 Helsinki, Finland (Dr Lönnqvist).

CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter     What's this?

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES

Familial Aggregation of Suicide Explained by Cluster B Traits: A Three-Group Family Study of Suicide Controlling for Major Depressive Disorder
McGirr et al.
Am. J. Psychiatry 2009;166:1124-1134.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Childhood Predictors of Completed and Severe Suicide Attempts: Findings From the Finnish 1981 Birth Cohort Study
Sourander et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 2009;66:398-406.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

The Relationship Between Antidepressant Prescription Rates and Rate of Early Adolescent Suicide
Gibbons et al.
Am. J. Psychiatry 2006;163:1898-1904.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Proximal psychiatric risk factors for suicidality in youth: the great smoky mountains study.
Foley et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 2006;63:1017-1024.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Major depressive episode and physical health in adolescents and young adults: results from a population-based interview survey
Haarasilta et al.
Eur J Public Health 2005;15:489-493.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Suicide and Serious Suicide Attempts in Youth: A Multiple-Group Comparison Study
Beautrais
Am. J. Psychiatry 2003;160:1093-1099.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Life Course Factors Associated With Suicidal Behaviors in Young People
Beautrais
American Behavioral Scientist 2003;46:1137-1156.
ABSTRACT  

A Current Perspective of Suicide and Attempted Suicide
Mann
ANN INTERN MED 2002;136:302-311.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Adoption as a Risk Factor for Attempted Suicide During Adolescence
Slap et al.
Pediatrics 2001;108 :e30-e30.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Teenage suicides in northern Sweden: an interview study of investigating police officers
Lindqvist and Johansson
Inj. Prev. 2000;6:115-119.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Assessing young people who deliberately harm themselves
HURRY and STOREY
Br. J. Psychiatry 2000;176:126-131.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Concurrent and Predictive Validity of the Personality Disorder Diagnosis in Adolescent Inpatients
Levy et al.
Am. J. Psychiatry 1999;156:1522-1528.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Suicide Attempts Among American Indian and Alaska Native Youth: Risk and Protective Factors
Borowsky et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1999;153:573-580.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

ALCOHOL-RELATED PROBLEMS AMONG ADOLESCENT SUICIDES IN FINLAND
Pirkola et al.
Alcohol Alcohol 1999;34:320-329.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Toward a Clinical Model of Suicidal Behavior in Psychiatric Patients
Mann et al.
Am. J. Psychiatry 1999;156:181-189.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Suicidal Behavior Runs in Families: A Controlled Family Study of Adolescent Suicide Victims
Brent et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996;53:1145-1152.
ABSTRACT  

Psychosocial Risk Factors of Child and Adolescent Completed Suicide
Gould et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996;53:1155-1162.
ABSTRACT  

Psychiatric Diagnosis in Child and Adolescent Suicide
Shaffer et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996;53:339-348.
ABSTRACT  

Suicide Among Canadian Aboriginal Peoples
Kirmayer
Transcultural Psychiatry 1994;31:3-58.
ABSTRACT  

Firearms and Adolescent Suicide: A Community Case-Control Study
Brent et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1993;147:1066-1071.
ABSTRACT  

Death Without Warning? A Clinical Postmortem Study of Suicide in 43 Israeli Adolescent Males
Apter et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;50:138-142.
ABSTRACT