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Robert W. McCarley, MD; Martha E. Shenton, PhD; Brian F. O'Donnell, PhD; Stephen F. Faux, PhD; Ron Kikinis, MD; Paul G. Nestor, PhD; Ferenc A. Jolesz, MD

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1993;50(3):190-197.

Abstract
• Abnormalities in the auditory P300 event-related potential are one of the most robust findings in schizophrenia. To investigate the brain source(s) of this major functional abnormality, we combined P300 recordings with the use of a new generation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology to examine specific temporal lobe gray matter regions of interest in schizophrenics and normal controls. In schizophrenics, gray matter volume reductions in the left posterior superior temporal gyrus (STG), which includes Heschl's gyrus and the planum temporale, were highly and specifically associated with both P300 amplitude reduction and left<right topographic asymmetry. In contrast, left hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus gray matter volume reductions, although present in schizophrenics, were not associated with any P300 abnormalities. There were also no statistically significant correlations between P300 amplitude at any of the central or left-sided electrode sites or any of the MRI-defined volumes of gray matter regions of interest in the right temporal lobe, superior frontal gyrus, or cingulate gyrus; additional work will thus be required to determine the role of these regions, if any, in P300 generation, along with the role of other brain areas not examined in the present study. These initial data appear most compatible with a model that postulates a major role for bilateral STG sources in P300 generation: The strongly asymmetric STG volume reduction (left<<right STG volume) found in many schizophrenic subjects produces asymmetric P300 amplitudes (left<<right) at lateral electrode sites, where the influence of the abnormal region is most easily detected.

Author Affiliations
From the Brain Imaging Laboratory, Harvard Medical School Department of Psychiatry at Brockton/West Roxbury Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the Massachusetts Mental Health Center (Drs McCarley, Shenton, O'Donnell, Faux, and Nestor); and the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Division, Surgical Planning Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass (Drs Kikinis and Jolesz). Dr Faux is now with the Department of Psychology, Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication August 17, 1992.

An abstract of a preliminary version of these data was published under the title "P300 Asymmetries and Temporal Lobe Pathology" in the 1992 American Psychiatric Association Proceedings in Summary Form.

Reprint requests to Department of Psychiatry 116A, Harvard Medical School and Brockton VAMC, 940 Belmont St, Brockton, MA 02401 (Dr McCarley).

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