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Replication of the Copenhagen Study in the Rest of Denmark

Seymour S. Kety, MD; Paul H. Wender, MD; Bjørn Jacobsen, MD; Loring J. Ingraham, PhD; Lennart Janson, MD; Britta Faber, MD; Dennis K. Kinney, PhD

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1994;51(6):442-455.

Abstract
Background
Our previous investigation of the prevalence of mental illness among the biological and adoptive relatives of schizophrenic adoptees in Copenhagen, Denmark, showed a significant concentration of chronic schizophrenia (5.6%) and what Bleuler called "latent schizophrenia" (14.8%) in the biological relatives of chronic schizophrenic adoptees, indicating the operation of heritable factors in the liability for schizophrenic illness.

Methods
We now report the results of a replication of that study in the rest of Denmark (the "Provincial Sample").

Results
In this sample, the corresponding prevalences were 4.7% and 8.2%. In the combined "National Sample" of adoptees with chronic schizophrenia, that disorder was found exclusively in their biological relatives and its prevalence overall was 10 times greater than that in the biological relatives of controls.

Conclusions
This study and its confirmation of previous results in the Copenhagen Study speak for a syndrome that can be reliably recognized in which genetic factors play a significant etiologic role. These findings provide important and necessary support for the assumption often made in family studies: observed familial clustering in schizophrenia is an expression of shared genetic factors.

Author Affiliations
From the Laboratory of Psychology and Psychopathology, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Md (Drs Kety and Ingraham); the Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Dr Wender); the Institute of Preventative Medicine, Kommunehospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (Dr Jacobsen); Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark (Dr Jansson); Hospitalet Fjorden, Roskilde, Denmark (Dr Faber); and the Mailman Research Center, McLean Hospital, Harvard University, Belmont, Mass (Dr Kinney). David Rosenthal, PhD, formerly Chief of the Laboratory of Psychology and Psychopathology, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, was a major contributor at the beginning of this study; illness prevented his continued participation.

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