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Abby J. Fyer, MD; Salvatore Mannuzza, PhD; Tim F. Chapman, PhD; Lynn Y. Martin, RNCS; Donald F. Klein, MD

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1995;52(7):564-573.

Abstract
Background
To investigate whether each of three DSM-III-R phobic disorders (simple phobia, social phobia, and agoraphobia with panic attacks) is familial and "breeds true."

Design
Rates of each phobic disorder were contrasted in first-degree relatives of four proband groups: simple phobia, social phobia, agoraphobia with panic attacks, and not ill controls. Phobia probands were patients who had one of the phobia diagnoses but no other lifetime anxiety comorbidity.

Results
We found moderate (two- to fourfold increased risk) but specific familial aggregation of each of the three DSM-III-R phobic disorders.

Conclusions
These results support a specific familial contribution to each of the three phobia types. However, conclusions are limited to cases occurring without lifetime anxiety comorbidity and do not imply homogeneity within categories.

Author Affiliations
From the Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons (Drs Fyer, Mannuzza, and Klein), and the Department of Therapeutics at New York State Psychiatric Institute (Drs Fyer, Mannuzza, Chapman, and Klein and Ms Martin), New York, NY.

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