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  Vol. 53 No. 2, February 1996 TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Systematic Changes in Cerebral Glucose Metabolic Rate After Successful Behavior Modification Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Jeffrey M. Schwartz, MD; Paula W. Stoessel, PhD; Lewis R. Baxter, Jr, MD; Karron M. Martin, RN; Michael E. Phelps, PhD

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996;53(2):109-113.


Abstract



Background
We sought to determine in a new patient sample whether symptomatic improvement in obsessivecompulsive disorder treated with behavior modification is accompanied by significant changes in glucose metabolic rates in the caudate nucleus, measured with positron emission tomography, as seen in a previous study. Second, by combining samples from this and the previous study, we also examined whether there were pathologic correlational relationships among brain activity in the orbital cortex, caudate nucleus, and thalamus that obtained before behavioral treatment of obsessivecompulsive disorder, but that decreased significantly with symptom improvement.

Methods
Nine patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder were studied with positron emission tomography before and after 10 weeks of structured exposure and response prevention behavioral and cognitive treatment. Results were analyzed both alone and combined with those from nine similar subjects from the previous study.

Results
Behavior therapy responders had significant (P<.05) bilateral decreases in caudate glucose metabolic rates that were greater than those seen in poor responders to treatment. Before treatment, there were significant correlations of brain activity between the orbital gyri and the head of the caudate nucleus and the orbital gyri and the thalamus on the right. These correlations decreased significantly after effective treatment.

Conclusions
These results replicate and extend previous findings of changes in caudate nucleus function with behavior therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. A prefrontal cortico-striato-thalamic brain system is implicated in mediation of symptoms of obsessivecompulsive disorder.



Author Affiliations



From the Departments of Psychiatry (Drs Schwartz, Stoessel, and Baxter and Ms Martin) and Pharmacology (Drs Baxter and Phelps), The Brain Research Institute (Dr Baxter), and the Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (Drs Baxter and Phelps), UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Calif.



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