Psychosocial Correlates of Job Strain in a Sample of Working Women

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1997.01830180061007

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Vol. 54 No. 6, June 1997

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Psychosocial Correlates of Job Strain in a Sample of Working Women

Redford B. Williams, MD; John C. Barefoot, PhD; James A. Blumenthal, PhD; Michael J. Helms, MS; Linda Luecken, MA; Carl F. Pieper, DPH; Ilene C. Siegler, PhD, MPH; Edward C. Suarez, PhD

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1997;54(6):543-548.

Abstract

Background
This study identifies potential mediators of job strain effectson health by determining whether psychosocial factors knownto predict an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and all-causemortality are higher among women who report high levels of jobstrain.

Methods
Measures of job strain and other psychosocial risk factors wereobtained in a sample of 152 female employees of a local corporation.Canonical correlation and analyses of covariance were used toassess relationships between job demands and decision latitudeand other psychosocial risk factors.

Results
A significant (P=.002) solution to the canonical correlationanalysis showed that high job demands and low decision latitudewere correlated with a pattern of psychosocial factors consistingof (1) increased levels of negative emotions like anxiety, anger,depression, and hostility; (2) reduced levels of social support;and (3) a preponderance of negative compared with positive feelingsin dealings with coworkers and supervisors. This pattern wasconfirmed by analyses of covariance that adjusted for demographicand specific job characteristics.

Conclusions
The canonical correlation analysis results provide empiricalsupport for the job strain construct. The most important findingis that health-damaging psychosocial factors like job strain,depression, hostility, anxiety, and social isolation tend tocluster in certain individuals.

Author Affiliations

From the Departments of Psychiatry (Drs Williams, Barefoot, Blumenthal, Siegler, and Suarez, Mr Helms, and Ms Luecken) and Community and Family Medicine (Dr Pieper), Behavioral Medicine Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.

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