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Increased Concentrations of Presynaptic Proteins in the Cingulate Cortex of Subjects With Schizophrenia
Steven M. Gabriel, PhD;
Vahram Haroutunian, PhD;
Peter Powchih, MD;
William G. Honer, MD, FRCPC;
Michael Davidson, MD;
Peter Davies, PhD;
Kenneth L. Davis, MD
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1997;54(6):559-566.
Abstract
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Background
Cytoarchitectural and neurochemical studies demonstrate disorganization in the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia, which perhaps underlies the severe behavioral disturbances of the disease. This neuronal disarray should be accompanied by synaptic abnormalities. As such, presynaptic proteins have proved valuable indexes of synaptic density and their concentrations have correlated markedly with synaptic loss. Our study sought to determine whether abnormalities exist in the concentrations of presynaptic proteins in the postmortem cerebral cortex of subjects with schizophrenia.
Methods
Presynaptic protein immunoreactivities were assessed in 4 different cerebrocortical regions derived from 16 elderly controls, 19 elderly subjects with schizophrenia, and 24 subjects with Alzheimer's disease. Tissues were assayed with the monoclonal antibodies EP10 and SP4, which recognize synaptophysin, and the monoclonal antibodies SP6 and SP14, which detect syntaxin and synaptosomal—associated protein-25-kd immunoreactivities, respectively.
Results
In subjects with schizophrenia relative to controls, presynaptic proteins were increased in the cingulate cortex, but were unchanged in the temporal, frontal, and parietal cortices. In contrast, when cases with Alzheimer's disease were compared with controls, presynaptic proteins were decreased in the frontal, temporal, and parietal samples.
Conclusions
These findings reveal changes in the synaptic organization of the cingulate cortex in schizophrenia relative to other areas examined. These changes are distinct from the deficits in presynaptic proteins observed in Alzheimer's disease.
Author Affiliations
From the Departments of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY (Drs Gabriel, Haroutunian, Powchik, Davidson, and Davis); the Bronx Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Drs Gabriel, Haroutunian, Powchik, Davidson, and Davis); and the Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, (Dr Davies), Bronx NY; and the Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (Dr Honer).
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