This Article  • Full text  • PDF  • Reply to article  • Send to a friend  • Save in My Folder  • Save to citation manager  • Permissions  Citing Articles  • Citation map  • Citing articles on HighWire  • Citing articles on Web of Science (249)  • Contact me when this article is cited  Related Content  • Related article  • Similar articles in this journal  Social Bookmarking   What's this?

Applications in Neuropsychiatry

Mark S. George, MD; Sarah H. Lisanby, MD; Harold A. Sackeim, PhD

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1999;56:300-311.

In the 1990s, it is difficult to open a newspaper or watch television and not find someone claiming that magnets promote healing. Rarely do these claims stem from double-blind, peer-reviewed studies, making it difficult to separate the wheat from the chaff. The current fads resemble those at the end of the last century, when many were falsely touting the benefits of direct electrical and weak magnetic stimulation. Yet in the midst of this popular interest in magnetic therapy, a new neuroscience field has developed that uses powerful magnetic fields to alter brain activity—transcranial magnetic stimulation. This review examines the basic principles underlying transcranial magnetic stimulation, and describes how it differs from electrical stimulation or other uses of magnets. Initial studies in this field are critically summarized, particularly as they pertain to the pathophysiology and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. Transcranial magnetic stimulation is a promising new research and, perhaps, therapeutic tool, but more work remains before it can be fully integrated in psychiatry's diagnostic and therapeutic armamentarium.

From the Functional Neuroimaging Research Division, Departments of Radiology, Psychiatry, and Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston (Dr George), Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Hospital, Charleston (Dr George), Department of Biological Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, (Drs Lisanby and Sackeim), and the Departments of Psychiatry (Drs Lisanby and Sackeim) and Radiology (Dr Sackeim), College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY. Dr George has research collaborations and grants from Dantec Medical (Medtronic), Copenhagen, Denmark, and Neotonus, Atlanta, Ga. Drs Sackeim and Lisanby have research grants from Magstim Co Ltd, Sheffield, England.

CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter     What's this?

RELATED ARTICLE

Therapeutic Efficacy of Right Prefrontal Slow Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Major Depression: A Double-blind Controlled Study
Ehud Klein, Isabella Kreinin, Andrei Chistyakov, Danny Koren, Lilly Mecz, Sarah Marmur, Dorit Ben-Shachar, and Moshe Feinsod
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1999;56(4):315-320.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES

Commentary: Core Competencies and the Training of Psychiatric Residents in Therapeutic Risk Management
Frierson and Campbell
J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 2009;37:165-167.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Changes in Regional Cerebral Blood Flow After Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Treatment-Resistant Depression
Kito et al.
J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosi. 2008;20:74-80.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

A Randomized, Controlled Trial With 6-Month Follow-Up of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Electroconvulsive Therapy for Severe Depression
Eranti et al.
Am. J. Psychiatry 2007;164:73-81.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Therapeutic Effects of Individualized Alpha Frequency Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ({alpha}TMS) on the Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Jin et al.
Schizophr Bull 2006;32:556-561.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Administration of Testosterone Increases Functional Connectivity in a Cortico-Cortical Depression Circuit
Schutter et al.
J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosi. 2005;17:372-377.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Whither Neuropsychiatry?
Sachdev
J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosi. 2005;17:140-141.
FULL TEXT  

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Cohen et al.
Am. J. Psychiatry 2004;161:515-524.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of depression: Systematic review and meta-analysis
MARTIN et al.
Br. J. Psychiatry 2003;182:480-491.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Left Temporoparietal Cortex and Medication-Resistant Auditory Hallucinations
Hoffman et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 2003;60:49-56.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Slow Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Long-Term Depotentiation, and Brain Hyperexcitability Disorders
Hoffman and Cavus
Am. J. Psychiatry 2002;159:1093-1102.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Electroconvulsive Therapy and Newer Modalities for the Treatment of Medication-Refractory Mental Illness
Rasmussen et al.
Mayo Clin Proc. 2002;77:552-556.
ABSTRACT  

Long lasting effects of rTMS and associated peripheral sensory input on MEPs, SEPs and transcortical reflex excitability in humans
Tsuji and Rothwell
J. Physiol. 2002;540:367-376.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Cerebellum in Essential Tremor: A Controlled Study
Gironell et al.
Arch Neurol 2002;59:413-417.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Update in Psychiatry
Schneider and Levenson
ANN INTERN MED 2002;136:293-301.
FULL TEXT  

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Panic
ZWANZGER et al.
Am. J. Psychiatry 2002;159:315-316.
FULL TEXT  

Functional Connectivity of Human Premotor and Motor Cortex Explored with Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Munchau et al.
J. Neurosci. 2002;22:554-561.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Recent advances: Psychiatry
Lyons and McLoughlin
BMJ 2001;323:1228-1231.
FULL TEXT  

Brain Effects of TMS Delivered Over Prefrontal Cortex in Depressed Adults: Role of Stimulation Frequency and Coil-Cortex Distance
Nahas et al.
J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosi. 2001;13:459-470.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation as add on treatment in depression
Garcia-Toro et al.
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 2001;71:546-548.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Functional Neuroanatomy of Psychiatric Disorders: A Didactic Course for Residents
Lane and Potter
Acad. Psychiatry 2001;25:148-155.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Right Prefrontal Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Alonso et al.
Am. J. Psychiatry 2001;158:1143-1145.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Prefrontal Cortex Modulation of Mood and Emotionally Induced Facial Expressions: A Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study
Padberg et al.
J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosi. 2001;13:206-212.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

New Somatic Treatment in Psychiatric Care: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Vagal Nerve Stimulation
Burns and Stuart
J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2000;6:203-206.
 

How Coil-Cortex Distance Relates to Age, Motor Threshold, and Antidepressant Response to Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Kozel et al.
J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosi. 2000;12:376-384.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Interhemispheric asymmetry of motor cortical excitability in major depression as measured by transcranial magnetic stimulation
MAEDA et al.
Br. J. Psychiatry 2000;177:169-173.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Lasting cortical activation after repetitive TMS of the motor cortex: A glucose metabolic study
Siebner et al.
Neurology 2000;54:956-963.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Slow, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation was effective for major depression
Cowen
Evid. Based Ment. Health 1999;2:114-114.
FULL TEXT  

Changes in Prefrontal Cortex and Paralimbic Activity in Depression Following Two Weeks of Daily Left Prefrontal TMS
Teneback et al.
J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosi. 1999;11:426-435.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Major Depression
JWatch Psychiatry 1999;1999:8-8.
FULL TEXT