This Article  • Full text  • PDF  • Reply to article  • Send to a friend  • Save in My Folder  • Save to citation manager  • Permissions  Citing Articles  • Citation map  • Citing articles on HighWire  • Citing articles on Web of Science (72)  • Contact me when this article is cited  Related Content  • Similar articles in this journal  Topic Collections  • Neurology  • Cognitive Disorders  • Schizophrenia  • Alert me on articles by topic  Social Bookmarking   What's this?

Glen M. Doniger, PhD; John J. Foxe, PhD; Micah M. Murray, PhD; Beth A. Higgins, BSc; Daniel C. Javitt, PhD

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002;59:1011-1020.

Background  Schizophrenia is associated with well-documented deficits in high-order cognitive processes such as attention and executive functioning. The integrity of sensory-level processing, however, has been evaluated only to a limited degree. Our study evaluated the ability of patients with schizophrenia to recognize complete objects based on fragmentary information, a process termed perceptual closure. Perceptual closure processes are indexed by closure negativity (N_cl), a recently defined event-related potential (ERP) component that is generated within the visual association cortex. This study assessed the neural integrity of perceptual closure processes in schizophrenia by examining N_cl generation. Generation of the preceding positive (P1) and negative (N1) ERP components was also examined.

Methods  We evaluated 16 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 16 healthy comparison subjects. Successively less fragmented images were presented during high-density ERP recording, which permitted the monitoring of brain activity during perceptual closure processes prior to object recognition. Analyses were performed at parieto-occipital and occipitotemporal sites consistent with dorsal and ventral stream generators of P1, N1, and N_cl.

Results  Patients with schizophrenia showed significant impairment in the ability to recognize fragmented objects, along with impaired generation of N_cl. The amplitude of visual P1 was significantly reduced, particularly over dorsal stream sites. In contrast, the generation of visual N1 was intact.

Conclusions  Patients with schizophrenia are profoundly impaired in perceptual closure as indicated by both impaired performance and impaired N_cl generation. The selective impairment in dorsal stream P1 is consistent with prior reports of impaired magnocellular processing in schizophrenia. By contrast, intact ventral N1 generation suggests that the initial stages of ventral stream processing are relatively preserved and that impaired magnocellular dorsal stream functioning in schizophrenia may lead to secondary dysregulation of ventral stream object recognition processing.

From the Cognitive Neurophysiology Laboratory, Cognitive Neuroscience and Schizophrenia Program, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY (Drs Doniger, Foxe, Javitt, and Murray and Ms Higgins); Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY (Dr Doniger); Department of Neuroscience and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (Dr Foxe); and Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine (Dr Javitt).

CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter     What's this?

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES

Schizophrenia Patients Show Deficits in Shifts of Attention to Different Levels of Global-Local Stimuli: Evidence for Magnocellular Dysfunction
Coleman et al.
Schizophr Bull 2009;35:1108-1116.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Sensory Contributions to Impaired Emotion Processing in Schizophrenia
Butler et al.
Schizophr Bull 2009;35:1095-1107.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Sensory Processing in Schizophrenia: Neither Simple nor Intact
Javitt
Schizophr Bull 2009;35:1059-1064.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Selective Emotional Processing Deficits to Social Vignettes in Schizophrenia: An ERP Study
Kuperberg et al.
Schizophr Bull 2009;0:sbp018v1-sbp018.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Auditory Oddball Deficits in Schizophrenia: An Independent Component Analysis of the fMRI Multisite Function BIRN Study
Kim et al.
Schizophr Bull 2009;35:67-81.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Neural Modulation by Regularity and Passage of Time
Correa and Nobre
J. Neurophysiol. 2008;100:1649-1655.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Magnocellular Pathway Impairment in Schizophrenia: Evidence from Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Martinez et al.
J. Neurosci. 2008;28:7492-7500.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Using Event Related Potentials to Explore Stages of Facial Affect Recognition Deficits in Schizophrenia
Wynn et al.
Schizophr Bull 2008;34:679-687.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

A human intracranial study of long-range oscillatory coherence across a frontal-occipital-hippocampal brain network during visual object processing
Sehatpour et al.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2008;105:4399-4404.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Contribution of Impaired Early-Stage Visual Processing to Working Memory Dysfunction in Adolescents With Schizophrenia: A Study With Event-Related Potentials and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Haenschel et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 2007;64:1229-1240.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Subcortical visual dysfunction in schizophrenia drives secondary cortical impairments
Butler et al.
Brain 2007;130:417-430.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Middle and Inferior Temporal Gyrus Gray Matter Volume Abnormalities in First-Episode Schizophrenia: An MRI Study
Kuroki et al.
Am. J. Psychiatry 2006;163:2103-2110.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Preserved Subliminal Processing and Impaired Conscious Access in Schizophrenia
Del Cul et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 2006;63:1313-1323.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Boundary Completion Is Automatic and Dissociable from Shape Discrimination.
Murray et al.
J. Neurosci. 2006;26:12043-12054.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Early Visual Sensory Deficits as Endophenotypes for Schizophrenia: High-Density Electrical Mapping in Clinically Unaffected First-Degree Relatives.
Yeap et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 2006;63:1180-1188.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Filling-in in Schizophrenia: a High-density Electrical Mapping and Source-analysis Investigation of Illusory Contour Processing
Foxe et al.
Cereb Cortex 2005;15:1914-1927.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Early-Stage Visual Processing and Cortical Amplification Deficits in Schizophrenia
Butler et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005;62:495-504.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Timing and Laminar Profile of Eye-Position Effects on Auditory Responses in Primate Auditory Cortex
Fu et al.
J. Neurophysiol. 2004;92:3522-3531.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Early-Stage Face Processing Dysfunction in Patients With Schizophrenia
Herrmann et al.
Am. J. Psychiatry 2004;161:915-917.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Multisensory Visual-Auditory Object Recognition in Humans: a High-density Electrical Mapping Study
Molholm et al.
Cereb Cortex 2004;14:452-465.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT