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Association Between Smaller Left Posterior Superior Temporal Gyrus Volume on Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Smaller Left Temporal P300 Amplitude in First-Episode Schizophrenia
Robert W. McCarley, MD;
Dean F. Salisbury, PhD;
Yoshio Hirayasu, MD, PhD;
Deborah A. Yurgelun-Todd, PhD;
Mauricio Tohen, DrPH;
Carlos Zarate, MD;
Ron Kikinis, MD;
Ferenc A. Jolesz, MD;
Martha E. Shenton, PhD
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002;59:321-331.
Background In chronic schizophrenia, the P300 is broadly reduced and shows a localized
left temporal deficit specifically associated with reduced gray matter volume
of the left posterior superior temporal gyrus (STG). In first-episode patients,
a similar left temporal P300 deficit is present in schizophrenia, but not
in affective psychosis. The present study investigated whether the left temporal
P300–left posterior STG volume association is selectively present in
first-episode schizophrenia.
Method P300 was recorded as first-episode subjects with schizophrenia (n =
15) or affective psychosis (n = 18) or control subjects (n = 18) silently
counted infrequent target tones amid standard tones. High-resolution spoiled
gradient-recalled acquisition magnetic resonance images provided quantitative
measures of temporal lobe gray matter regions of interest.
Results Patients with first-episode schizophrenia displayed a reversed P300
temporal area asymmetry (smaller on the left), while magnetic resonance imaging
showed smaller gray matter volumes of left posterior STG relative to control
subjects and patients with affective psychosis (15.4% and 11.0%, respectively),
smaller gray matter volumes of left planum temporale (21.0% relative to both),
and a smaller total Heschl's gyrus volume (14.6% and 21.1%, respectively).
Left posterior STG and the left planum temporale, but not other regions of
interest, were specifically and positively correlated (r>0.5) with left temporal P300 voltage in patients with schizophrenia
but not in patients with affective psychosis or in control subjects.
Conclusion These results suggest that the left temporal P300 abnormality specifically
associated with left posterior STG gray matter volume reduction is present
at the first hospitalization for schizophrenia but is not present at the first
hospitalization for affective psychosis.
From the Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Veterans
Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Brockton, Mass (Drs McCarley, Salisbury,
Hirayasu, and Shenton), Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory (Drs McCarley, Salisbury,
and Shenton), Brain-Imaging Center (Dr Yurgelun-Todd), and Bipolar and Psychotic
Disorders Program (Drs Tohen and Zarate), McLean Hospital, Belmont, Mass,
and Surgical Planning Laboratory, Division of Magnetic Resonance Imaging,
Department of Radiology, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Boston, Mass (Drs Hirayasu,
Kikinis, Jolesz, and Shenton).
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