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P3 Event-Related Potential Amplitude and the Risk for Disinhibitory Disorders in Adolescent Boys
William G. Iacono, PhD;
Scott R. Carlson, BA;
Stephen M. Malone, PhD;
Matthew McGue, PhD
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002;59:750-757.
Background The children of parents who abuse alcohol typically show reduced amplitude
of the P3 event-related potential wave. We determined if this effect was present
in a population-based sample of older adolescent boys, whether it was associated
with paternal antisocial personality and drug use, and whether it appeared
in youth with childhood externalizing and substance use disorders.
Methods A statewide sample of 502 male youth, identified from Minnesota birth
records as members of twin pairs, had their P3 amplitude measured, using a
visual oddball paradigm when they were approximately 17 years old. Structured
clinical interviews covering attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct
disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, antisocial personality disorder,
and substance use disorders were administered in person to the youth and his
parents at the time of the P3 assessment and again to the youth 3 years later.
Results Reduced P3 was associated with disorders and paternal risk for disorders,
reflecting a behavioral disinhibition spectrum that included attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, antisocial personality
disorder, alcoholism, nicotine dependence, and illicit drug abuse and dependence.
Reduced P3 at age 17 predicted the development of substance use disorders
at age 20. Most effect sizes associated with these group differences exceeded
0.70, indicating medium to moderately large group differences. Maternal alcoholism
and substance use during pregnancy were unrelated to P3 amplitude in offspring.
Conclusion Small amplitude P3 may indicate genetic risk for a dimension of disinhibiting
psychiatric disorders, including childhood externalizing, adult antisocial
personality disorder, and substance use disorders.
From the Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
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