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Retrograde Amnesia With Electroconvulsive Therapy
Characteristics and Implications
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000;57:591-592.
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SINCE ITS beginning, more than 60 years ago, it has been recognized that electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) (ie, the electrical induction of a series of grand mals–type seizures for therapeutic purposes) is often associated with amnesia; this amnesia represents the most bothersome side effect to many individuals who receive this treatment.1 The phenomenologic characteristics of ECT-associated amnesia are reminiscent of many other types of organic amnesia, in that it typically consists of difficulties in retention of both newly learned material (anterograde amnesia) and past events (retrograde amnesia [RA]).2 Retrograde amnesia is generally believed to be the more problematic than anterograde amnesia with ECT, at least as far as long-lasting effects are concerned.3-4
Two types of RA can occur with ECT (ie, difficulty in recall of autobiographic and impersonal material), which differ largely on the extent of personal reference. For the most part, this distinction follows the episodic vs semantic memory dichotomy,5 . . . [Full Text of this Article]
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