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Gassed
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Gas! Gas! Quick, boys! — An ecstasy of fumbling,
Fitting the clumsy helmets [gas masks] just in time;
But someone still was yelling out and stumbling,
And flound’ring like a man in fire or lime. . . .
Wilfred Owen, Dulce et Decorum Est, 19171(p117)
Sulfur mustard (2,2'-dichlorodiethyl sulfide), commonly known as mustard gas, was the "King of the War Gases."2(p120) It was first used as a tactical weapon and a weapon of terror in World War I. Although there were many deaths, the numbers of nonfatal casualties were far greater, and the suffering of soldiers was legendary. In the first 3 weeks of its use, there were 14 000 nonfatal British casualties and 500 deaths, and large numbers were incapacitated. A vesicant, persistent gas, named for its odor, sulfur mustard’s effects were not immediate, becoming apparent 4 to 12 hours after exposure. Among its effects were skin blisters the size of one’s . . . [Full Text of this Article]
James C. Harris, MD
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