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Torture, Culture, War Zone Exposure, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Criterion A’s Bracket Creep
H. Stefan Bracha, MD;
Kentaro Hayashi, PhD
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The March 2007 article by Ba o lu et al1 is certainly timely. However, we disagree with their assertion that findings from their study, which was designed specifically for use with European civilians exposed to a civil war, "are highly relevant"1(p284) for "international law" regarding interrogation procedures of terrorist-camp–trained detainees, eg, in Iraq and Afghanistan. The Baolu et al study has major methodological and conceptual limitations that severely limit its generalizability. Furthermore, the extremely broad conceptualization of Criterion A events that Baolu et al use arguably trivializes posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), doing an injustice to those who have experienced genuine torture or combat.
Methodological Issues
The Baolu et al study has several methodological limitations, especially with regard to sampling, content validity, and correlation computations.
Sampling. They state that "Once the interview was completed, each survivor was asked to list . . . [Full Text of this Article]
Cross-cultural Issues
PTSD Criterion A "Bracket Creep" Issues
AUTHOR INFORMATION
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