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Ernest Hartmann, MD

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1968;19(3):312-329.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

THIS REPORT presents the results of a longitudinal study involving 162 nights of all-night polygraphic recording in six manic-depressive patients who were followed through the various clinical phases of their illness.

Depressed patients have been the subjects of a number of investigations in the sleep laboratory, although usually no distinction has been made between different classes of depression.^1-11 No studies of mania have been reported up to now except for a preliminary report from our laboratory^.7 Results in depressed patients are conflicting to a certain extent; even the most prominent finding in one study is not noted at all in another. However, some points are clear. A sleep disturbance exists; depressed patients generally have less total sleep than normal subjects, and more awakenings during the night.^3-5,8,9 They usually have less stage 4 (deep slowwave) sleep.^3-5,8,9,11 The early-morning awakenings traditionally associated . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations

From the Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and the Sleep and Dream Laboratory, Boston State Hospital, Boston. Dr. Hartmann is a career investigator of the National Institute of Mental Health.

Footnotes

Reprint requests to Sleep and Dream Laboratory, Boston State Hospital, Boston 02124 (Dr. Hartmann).

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