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DONALD OKEN, M.D.

AMA Arch Gen Psychiatry 1960;2(4):441-456.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

I. Introduction

The responsiveness of the cardiovascular system to stress and emotional arousal has been a well-known phenomenon since the classic researches of Cannon. Subsequent studies tended to view stress as a nonspecific threat and did not relate physiological responses to a particular affect evoked or investigate the personalized meanings of the stimulus to the subject. Later researches have indicated that physiological responses could be understood better in terms of the relevance of the stress to the individual.²⁵ Yet, even here little attention has been paid to the specific quality and quantity of the concomitant affective state.

The present study attempts to clarify relationships between specific affective and physiological responses to psychological stress, utilizing quantitative estimates of each. Our major focus is on anger, especially suppressed anger, and on the relation of these feeling states to blood pressure and heart rate. A technique . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
Chicago

From the Institute for Psychosomatic and Psychiatric Research and Training, Michael Reese Hospital.

Footnotes
Submitted for publication Oct. 30, 1959.

This work was done while the author was a Fellow of the Foundations’ Fund for Research in Psychiatry.

I am grateful to my colleagues who participated in the project which made this study possible.

Roy R. Grinker, M.D., conducted the stress interviews. Melvin Sabshin, M.D., made the general affect ratings, and Judith Kandler, B.A., assisted with the special ratings. Helen Heath, Ph.D., provided statistical consultation and assistance; Sheldon J. Korchin, Ph.D., helped in formulating and conducting the study.

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