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SHELDON J. KORCHIN, Ph.D.; MARVIN HERZ, M.D.

AMA Arch Gen Psychiatry 1960;2(6):640-651.

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Introduction

Understanding the reactions of the pituitary-adrenal system to biologically important stress has recently been of central concern to students of stress physiology. Over the last decade an increasingly large literature adds assurance that psychologically stressful and emotionally disturbing conditions, not involving direct physical insult or injury, do also, though perhaps less greatly, lead to adrenal activation. Response has been reported to such diverse stresses as competitive sports, college examinations, paratroop training, anticipation of surgery, admission to a mental hospital, transfer of monkeys to a new laboratory, intentionally disturbing psychiatric interviews, delayed auditory feedback, disturbing movies, the experience of perceptual distortion, conditioned avoidance and punishment, and numerous other naturally occurring and laboratory-produced conditions. Although the earlier studies had to utilize secondary measures of adrenal activation, newer meth- ods for the measurement of plasma hydrocortisone and urinary hydroxycorticoids provide essentially similar findings. Recent reviews . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
Chicago

From the Institute for Psychosomatic and Psychiatric Research and Training, Michael Reese Hospital.

Footnotes
Submitted for publication Jan. 14, 1960.

Now on leave as a Visiting Scientist (19591960), National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Md. (Dr. Korchin). Now stationed at Recruit Evaluation Unit, Great Lakes Naval Training Station, Great Lakes, Ill. (Dr. Herz).

This study was supported in part by the Mental Health Fund of the State of Illinois, and Grant M-1442 from the National Institute of Mental Health. We are grateful to Mrs. Judith Kandler, Miss Harriet Nerlove, and Mrs. Barbara White, who assisted at different times; to Dr. Helen Heath, who was largely responsible for the statistical analyses, and to Drs. Jack Towne and Neena Schwartz, who arranged and supervised the biochemical analyses.

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